Trepat T1
Verdu, Lleida
Precision, acidity, clean fruit frame, and reductive backbone.
600 L / 33.3%
Brut Nature rosé · 2025
Origin, harvest and climate
Selected grape lots and observed XEMA weather from 1 April to each harvest date.
The season, measured
Climate parameters that shape fruit quality
A base wine for bottle fermentation has to arrive with its acid already in place, and at Verdú that comes from the night rather than from picking early. Over the same 171 days the block ran 1.1 °C cooler after dark than the Tàrrega station 6.2 km away while matching it exactly on days above 35 °C: the site is cool at night in a summer that was not. Trepat and Garnatxa shared that weather, and the assemblage is what each does with a 15 °C daily swing.
| Measure | Verdú blockon-site probes | XEMA C7 Tàrrega6.2 km | What it does to the fruit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Night temperature, season mean minimumRespiration slows as the night cools, so the acid built during the day survives to dawn. A sparkling base is picked at low sugar and cannot afford to lose any of it. | 14.5 °CXEMA C7 Tàrrega 15.6 °C | 15.6 °C | Respiration slows as the night cools, so the acid built during the day survives to dawn. A sparkling base is picked at low sugar and cannot afford to lose any of it. |
| Nights at or above 20 °CWarm nights are what burn acid off. Across identical days the block recorded fewer than half the station’s count. | 16 of 171XEMA C7 Tàrrega 38 of 171 | 38 of 171 | Warm nights are what burn acid off. Across identical days the block recorded fewer than half the station’s count. |
| Day-to-night range, season meanSugar by day, acid kept by night. The wide swing is what allows both varieties to be picked ripe in flavour while still low in alcohol. | 15.2 °CXEMA C7 Tàrrega 13.1 °C | 13.1 °C | Sugar by day, acid kept by night. The wide swing is what allows both varieties to be picked ripe in flavour while still low in alcohol. |
| Days at or above 35 °CExtreme heat is regional and the block gets no shelter from it. That these two counts agree exactly is what shows the cooler nights are the site rather than a miscalibrated probe. | 34XEMA C7 Tàrrega 34 | 34 | Extreme heat is regional and the block gets no shelter from it. That these two counts agree exactly is what shows the cooler nights are the site rather than a miscalibrated probe. |
| Root zone at 15 cm, season meanRoots take up water and nitrogen freely below 25 °C and stop above 30 °C. At 15 cm the block did not reach 30 °C once in 2025, so nitrogen kept moving and the must arrived fermentable. | 21.7 °CXEMA C7 Tàrrega no soil sensor | no soil sensor | Roots take up water and nitrogen freely below 25 °C and stop above 30 °C. At 15 cm the block did not reach 30 °C once in 2025, so nitrogen kept moving and the must arrived fermentable. |
| Hours with the root zone above 25 °CA quarter of the season slows root uptake. At 15 cm the soil moves only 1.9 °C across a day, so just over half of those hours fall at night: once the root zone crosses 25 °C it stays there until the weather turns rather than until morning. | 1,043 of 4,104XEMA C7 Tàrrega — | — | A quarter of the season slows root uptake. At 15 cm the soil moves only 1.9 °C across a day, so just over half of those hours fall at night: once the root zone crosses 25 °C it stays there until the weather turns rather than until morning. |
| Plant-available water at 35 cmNever short before veraison, which is what keeps berry size and juice yield up. The press fraction a sparkling base depends on comes from that. | 62 % mean, 20 % lowXEMA C7 Tàrrega — | — | Never short before veraison, which is what keeps berry size and juice yield up. The press fraction a sparkling base depends on comes from that. |
| Relative humidity at nightDry nights keep the skins sound, which matters more here than anywhere: the fruit is whole-bunch pressed and any rot goes straight into the base wine. | no hygrometerXEMA C7 Tàrrega 74 % | 74 % | Dry nights keep the skins sound, which matters more here than anywhere: the fruit is whole-bunch pressed and any rot goes straight into the base wine. |
| Hours at or above 90 % humidityBotrytis needs sustained wetness on the skin. Fourteen per cent of the season is low pressure, and Botrytis laccase is what would have cost the rosé its colour. | —XEMA C7 Tàrrega 589 of 4,104 | 589 of 4,104 | Botrytis needs sustained wetness on the skin. Fourteen per cent of the season is low pressure, and Botrytis laccase is what would have cost the rosé its colour. |
| Rain in the 30 days before pickingEnough to keep the vines working through the last fortnight without diluting the fruit. The Trepat picked eight days later saw only 5.4 mm. | —XEMA C7 Tàrrega 21.0 mm | 21.0 mm | Enough to keep the vines working through the last fortnight without diluting the fruit. The Trepat picked eight days later saw only 5.4 mm. |
Block figures are the on-site probes at 15-minute resolution: air temperature, and soil temperature and plant-available water at 15, 35 and 50 cm. The probes carry no hygrometer and no rain gauge, so humidity and rainfall come from XEMA station C7 at Tàrrega, 6.2 km away, at half-hourly resolution. Day and night are taken from solar elevation, not from a light sensor. The season runs from 1 April to the day the fruit was picked.
Selected fruit
Variety, place and role
Trepat T1, Trepat T2, and Garnatxa from Verdu, Lleida
Trepat T2
Verdu, Lleida
Aromatic breadth, microbial complexity, texture, and autolytic precursors.
800 L / 44.4%
Garnatxa
Verdu, Lleida
Body, glycerol, sun-ripe fruit, and structural width.
400 L / 22.2%
Observed vintage · 2025
Two Trepat moments recorded as different ripening windows
Trepat T1 and Garnatxa were harvested on 18 September; Trepat T2 followed on 26 September. The additional eight days contributed 150 MJ/m² of measured solar energy, seven high-solar days and 60 GDD10. Because the rolling harvest window also changed, final-30-day rainfall fell from 21.0 to 5.4 mm. The assemblage therefore combines two measured ripening endpoints from the same Verdú season.
Harvest analyses supply Brix, pH, acidity and sanitary condition. This section records the thermal, rainfall and humidity exposure preceding those measurements.
Trepat T1 + Garnatxa
Verdú · XEMA C7
Harvest 18 Sept
- Season rain
- 167.7 mm
- Final 30 d rain
- 21.0 mm
- Solar energy
- 4,075
- High-solar days
- 96
- GDD10 heat sum
- 1,981
1 April to harvest
21-day dry spell
MJ/m², 1 April to harvest
171 observed days
34 days at or above 35°C
Trepat T2
Verdú · XEMA C7
Harvest 26 Sept
- Season rain
- 168.5 mm
- Final 30 d rain
- 5.4 mm
- Solar energy
- 4,225
- High-solar days
- 103
- GDD10 heat sum
- 2,041
1 April to harvest
29-day dry spell
MJ/m², 1 April to harvest
179 observed days
34 days at or above 35°C
Rain through the growing season
Monthly XEMA accumulation. September ends on each lot's harvest date.
Trepat T1 + GarnatxaTrepat T2
60
30
0
mmApr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Day and night through the season
Monthly means; September ends at each lot's harvest date.
Trepat T1 + GarnatxaTrepat T2DayNight
Temperature
Mean air temperature during calculated daylight and night-time periods.
0
10
20
30
35
°CAprMayJunJulAugSep
Relative humidity
Mean relative humidity during calculated daylight and night-time periods.
20
40
60
80
100
%AprMayJunJulAugSep
Vintage signature
Compact line for the bottle-linked record
2025 · VERDÚ TREPAT + GARNATXA · 18–26 SEP · 167.7–168.5 MM RAIN · 4,075–4,225 MJ/M² SOLAR
Observed half-hourly XEMA temperature, humidity, precipitation and global solar irradiance from 1 April to harvest; 99.9% coverage. Irradiance in W/m² is integrated as MJ/m². A high-solar day reaches at least 65% of daily extraterrestrial irradiation. Station observations describe regional exposure at municipality precision: C7 Tàrrega (6.2 km).